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Web frameworks

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A web framework supplies the parts most applications repeat: routing URLs to code, handling requests and responses, templates or components, and often database access. The developer writes the application on top. A record carries this category when the software is meant to be built on rather than configured, whether it runs on the server or in the browser. Frameworks that can also export finished pages carry static site generator as well. Laravel and Django are examples.

88 projects are web frameworks, listed alphabetically. Written in 14 languages, most of them open source. Counts only projects with momentum; the full list has the rest.

A

  • Actix Web

    Rust web framework for building HTTP servers and web applications, with routing, middleware, WebSocket support and an async runtime.

  • AdonisJS

    TypeScript-first Node.js web framework for web apps and API servers, with ORM, validation, mail and queues in the core distribution.

  • aiohttp

    Asynchronous HTTP client and server library for Python, built on asyncio, with a web server and a client session API.

  • Alpine.js

    JavaScript framework that adds reactive behavior to HTML through attributes written in the markup.

  • Analog

    Full-stack meta-framework for building Angular applications and websites, with Vite builds and Nitro server integrations.

  • Angular

    TypeScript-based web application framework with client-side, server-side and prerendered rendering.

  • Apache OFBiz

    Java suite of enterprise business applications for ERP, CRM and e-commerce, built on an entity engine, a service engine and a widget-based UI.

  • Apache Struts

    Apache Struts is an open-source MVC framework for building Java web applications.

  • Apache Wicket

    Component-based Java web framework that keeps behavior in Java classes and markup in plain HTML.

  • ASP.NET Core

    Cross-platform, open-source framework for building web apps and services with .NET and C#.

  • Astro

    Web framework for content-driven websites that prerenders pages to static HTML and can render routes on demand.

  • Axum

    Rust HTTP routing and request-handling library focused on ergonomics and modularity.

B

  • Blazor

    Web UI framework for building interactive web apps with C# and Razor components, shipped as part of ASP.NET Core.

C

  • CodeIgniter

    PHP MVC web framework with a small footprint and few configuration requirements.

  • CubicWeb

    Python web framework for data-centric applications built on an explicit schema, with a query language and components called cubes.

D

  • Dioxus

    Rust framework for building fullstack web, desktop and mobile apps from one codebase.

  • Django

    Python web framework with an ORM, URL routing, templating, forms and an automatic admin interface.

  • Django REST framework

    Toolkit for building Web APIs on Django, with serialization, views, authentication and permissions.

E

  • Echo

    Go web framework built on the standard net/http package, with a radix-tree router, request binding, middleware and centralized error handling.

  • Eclipse Mojarra

    Eclipse's implementation of the Jakarta Faces specification for building Java web user interfaces.

  • Elysia

    TypeScript web framework for building backend servers, optimized for Bun and also runnable on Node.js.

  • Encore

    Backend framework for TypeScript and Go in which application code declares the infrastructure it uses, such as databases, Pub/Sub and cron jobs.

  • Expo Router

    File-based router for universal React Native apps that run on Android, iOS and the web, part of the open-source Expo platform.

  • Express

    Minimalist web framework for Node.js for building web applications and APIs.

  • ExpressoTS

    TypeScript framework for building server-side Node.js applications, with dependency injection and an Express adapter.

F

  • FastAPI

    Python web framework for building APIs from standard Python type hints, served by an ASGI server.

  • Fastify

    Node.js web framework for building HTTP APIs and web applications, with a plugin architecture and schema-based validation.

  • Fiber

    Express-inspired web framework for Go, built on Fasthttp.

  • Filament

    UI framework for Laravel for building admin panels and apps from Livewire-based tables, forms and other components.

  • Frappe Framework

    Python and JavaScript low-code web framework for building data-driven web applications, with a built-in admin interface, roles and permissions.

G

  • Gin

    Go web framework with a Martini-like API for building web services, REST APIs and web applications.

  • go-zero

    Go web and RPC framework with code generation from API definitions, built-in resilience components and the goctl command-line tool.

  • Gradio

    Python package for building web interfaces and demos for machine learning models and Python functions.

  • GrapesJS

    Open-source web builder framework that adds a visual editor for HTML templates to an application.

H

  • h3

    HTTP server framework for JavaScript runtimes, built on the Request, Response and Headers primitives of the web platform.

  • Hologram

    Elixir full-stack web framework whose client-side code runs in the browser as Elixir, compiled to JavaScript.

  • Hono

    Web framework built on Web Standards that runs on any JavaScript runtime.

  • http4s

    Scala library for typeful, functional and streaming HTTP servers and clients, built on FS2 and cats-effect.

K

  • Kratos

    Go framework for building HTTP and gRPC microservices, with application lifecycle, generated transports, middleware and configuration.

  • Ktor

    Kotlin framework for building asynchronous servers and HTTP clients, extended with plugins and engines.

L

  • Laravel

    PHP web application framework with routing, an ORM, templating, queues and scheduled jobs.

  • Leptos

    Rust framework for building reactive web applications, client-side or full-stack with server rendering and server functions.

  • Lightning Web Components

    UI framework for building custom elements (web components) with HTML, JavaScript and CSS, maintained by Salesforce.

M

  • Marko

    HTML-based language and runtime for building web applications and user interfaces, with the Marko Run application framework.

  • Mastra

    TypeScript framework for building AI agents and applications.

  • Medusa

    Open-source headless commerce platform for Node.js with commerce modules, an admin dashboard and REST store and admin APIs.

  • Mezzio

    PHP microframework built on PSR-15 middleware, in which the application chooses its routing and templating.

  • Micronaut

    JVM application framework for Java, Kotlin and Groovy with compile-time dependency injection, AOP and HTTP servers and clients.

N

  • Neos

    Open-source content management system and application framework for websites and digital content, built on the Flow PHP framework.

  • NestJS

    Progressive Node.js framework for building efficient, scalable server-side applications with TypeScript.

  • Netty

    Java network application framework for building protocol servers and clients with an asynchronous, event-driven model.

  • Next.js

    React framework for building full-stack web applications, with routing, rendering and data fetching.

  • Nuxt

    Vue-based framework for building server-rendered, static and hybrid websites and web apps.

O

  • Ocsigen Eliom

    OCaml framework for building client and server web and mobile applications as a single program.

  • Oracle ADF

    Java EE application framework from Oracle for building enterprise applications in JDeveloper and running them on an application server with the ADF runtime installed.

P

  • Payload

    TypeScript framework that runs inside a Next.js app and generates an admin panel, database schema and REST, GraphQL and local APIs from one config, used as a headless CMS or application backend.

  • Phalcon

    Full-stack PHP web framework delivered as a PHP extension.

  • Play Framework

    Java and Scala web framework whose production build is a distribution that runs as a server process, with Twirl templates.

Q

  • Quarkus

    Java framework for building cloud-native applications that run on the JVM or as native executables.

  • Quasar

    Vue.js framework with UI components and a CLI that builds single-page, server-rendered, static, PWA, mobile, desktop and browser extension apps.

  • Qwik

    Framework for web apps that resumes on the client instead of hydrating, with Qwik City for routing and server rendering.

R

  • Radiance

    Web application environment for Common Lisp, for personal websites and deployable applications.

  • React Router

    Router for React whose framework mode adds server rendering, static pre-rendering and data loading for building full-stack web apps.

  • Reflex

    Python library for building full-stack web apps, with the frontend compiled to React and the backend run as a Python server.

  • Remix

    Full-stack web framework built on Web APIs that combines routing, data, UI and asset compilation in one stack.

  • Rocket

    Async web framework for Rust with typed routes, request guards and built-in form and JSON handling.

  • Ruby on Rails

    Ruby web application framework with an ORM, routing, ERB views, background jobs and built-in deployment tooling.

S

  • Sanic

    Asynchronous Python web framework with its own production-ready web server.

  • ServiceStack

    Services framework for .NET that builds HTTP and message-based web services from typed request DTOs.

  • Sinatra

    Ruby DSL for building web applications with a small set of route definitions, run on a Rack server.

  • SolidStart

    Full-stack application framework for Solid, built on Vite.

  • Spring Boot

    Java framework for building stand-alone Spring applications with an embedded web server and auto-configuration.

  • Spring Framework

    Comprehensive programming and configuration model for Java-based enterprise applications, on any deployment platform.

  • Starlette

    Lightweight ASGI framework and toolkit for building async web services in Python.

  • Streamlit

    Python framework that turns scripts into interactive web apps for data work.

  • Svelte

    Compiler that turns Svelte components into JavaScript that updates the DOM directly, used to build web applications.

  • SvelteKit

    Svelte-based framework for building web applications with server rendering, prerendering and client-side rendering.

  • Symfony

    PHP full-stack web framework built from a set of reusable, standalone components.

T

  • TanStack Start

    Full-stack framework for React and Solid, powered by TanStack Router, for server-rendered, static and client-only web apps.

  • Thelia

    Open-source e-commerce CMS and framework built on Symfony for online stores and web content.

  • tinyhttp

    Express-like web framework for Node.js, written in TypeScript and published as native ESM.

  • Topcoat

    Rust framework that renders full-stack web apps as HTML on the server, with client reactivity compiled from the same Rust code.

  • Tornado

    Python web framework and asynchronous networking library that runs its own HTTP server rather than WSGI.

  • Turbo

    JavaScript framework from Hotwire that updates server-rendered web applications by sending HTML over the wire.

  • txtai

    Python framework for semantic search, LLM pipelines and workflows, with an embeddings database, a web API and Docker images.

V

  • Vapor

    Server-side Swift HTTP web framework for building backends, web apps, APIs and HTTP servers.

  • Vue

    JavaScript framework for building user interfaces on the web, with a reactive rendering system and optional server rendering.

Y

  • Yew

    Rust framework for building client-side web applications that run as WebAssembly in the browser.

What is the best web framework?

We can't tell from here. What suits an editor-heavy marketing site can be wrong for a static documentation site. The list is alphabetical and nobody paid for a place on it.